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習近平外交思想系列報道
代表作1:
原文:
China helping world to create shared future
By CAO DESHENG
President Xi's Thought on Diplomacy has opened new vistas, achieved new progress
Editor's note: Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy is the fundamental guideline for China's diplomatic work in the new era. China Daily is publishing a series of stories to examine how Xi's proposals have become internationally accepted and made great contributions to world peace and human progress.
When Brenda Kazule returned to Zambia after completing her master's degree at the Institute of South-South Cooperation and Development at Peking University in June of last year, she had a thick book in her unwieldy baggage.
Kazule, a traditional-affairs officer from Muchinga province, said the book - Xi Jinping: The Governance of China - is important to her because it gave her insights about China's development as well as the governance of the world's most populous country by the Communist Party of China, and she wanted to share it with her colleagues.
Since Xi Jinping was elected as general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee in November 2012 and president of China in March 2013, the country's diplomacy has opened new prospects and achieved new progress.
The book is a collection of several dozen speeches and essays by Xi on a variety of topics. It interprets the concepts and principles of the top CPC leadership's governance and also helps foreign people better understand China's development path, its domestic and foreign policies and responses to international concerns about the country.
Kazule said what impressed her most about the book was the country's targeted poverty-reduction policy and Xi's vision on building a community with a shared future for mankind.
If poverty alleviation efforts aim to solve a problem in China, the vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind paints a picture of the whole world working together for common development and prosperity - as in a global village, where all countries have a common destiny, she said.
"China continues to promote the exchange and sharing of China's experience in development-oriented poverty alleviation in an effort to join other countries in implementing the United Nations' 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and building a community with a shared future for mankind, where people are freed from poverty and can achieve common development," Kazule added.
When Xi visited the United Nations Office in Geneva in January 2017, he delivered a keynote speech, Work Together to Build a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind. In the speech, he called for building an open, inclusive, clean and beautiful world that enjoys lasting peace, universal security and common prosperity, and he explained how countries can build such a community.
The vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind, together with the idea of building a new type of international relations featuring fairness, justice and win-win cooperation, is the overarching goal of the nation's major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics.
Li Xiangyang, president of the National Institute of International Strategy at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said there remains an insufficient level of democracy in the existing global governance system, and Xi's vision tries to provide a solution to problems in existing multilateral mechanisms.
At a time when the international system is challenged by unilateralism and protectionism, there is an urgent need to improve the global governance system based on the principle of joint contributions for benefits shared by all, Li said, adding that Xi's vision serves as guidance for that purpose.
The vision sees countries forging partnerships in which they treat each other as equals and engage in mutual consultation and understanding, and create a security architecture that features fairness, justice, joint contribution and shared benefit.
In addition, the vision calls on countries to promote open, innovative and inclusive development that benefits all, increase exchanges between civilizations to enhance harmony, inclusiveness and respect of differences, and build an ecosystem that puts nature and green development first.
"These five aspects, taken together, constitute the overall approach to creating a community with a shared future for mankind, depict a bright future for the progress of international relations and represent a major innovation in the theory of major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics," wrote Wang Yi, state councilor and foreign minister, in an article posted on the website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Over the years since Xi proposed the vision in 2013, China has been working to find ways to make it happen. Even as a "zero-sum game" mindset and "winner-takes-all" strategies prevail, China is showing the world that the real story of business is not black or white, and win-win results can be realized.
As some Western countries move backward by erecting "walls", China is working hard to build "bridges" by promoting multilateralism for open and inclusive development, analysts said.
Jin Canrong, a professor of international studies at Renmin University of China, wrote in an article that common development, universal security and shared governance are key elements of the new type of international relations, while a community with a shared future calls for equality, mutual respect, mutual benefit and win-win cooperation among nations.
The Belt and Road Initiative has been a platform for building the community with a shared future for mankind and also a new path to improve global governance and increase mutual understanding between different civilizations.
By the end of July, 136 countries and 30 international organizations had signed cooperation agreements with China on jointly building the Belt and Road.
Miguel Angel Sanchez, general secretary of the Colombian Liberal Party, said the strategic purpose of the BRI is to align with China's development strategy, with participating countries achieving high-level, high-quality cooperation so as to improve people's livelihoods.
It does not mean building an independent bloc with China at its center, but rather, it aims to secure common development while respecting cultural diversities, Sanchez added.
China has made it clear that it strives to develop by upholding and maintaining world peace through its development. Xi has said on a number of occasions that China will do well only when the world does well, and vice versa.
Simon J. Gill, United Seychelles Party whip and National Executive Committee member, said Xi's strategic vision represents an advanced power, as it focuses on people-centered development.
China doesn't care only about itself, and it adopts a win-win approach that delivers tangible benefits to countries, Gill said, adding that Seychelles is also a beneficiary of cooperation with China.
Analyzing the international situation, Xi has said the world is undergoing complex and profound changes unseen in a century as the trend toward multipolarity and economic globalization is surging and a new round of scientific and industrial revolution is in the making, with information technology applications continuing to make progress.
Meanwhile, he said, global economic growth is sluggish, the development gap is widening, armed conflicts occur from time to time, a Cold War mentality and power politics still exist and nonconventional security threats - particularly terrorism, refugee crises, major communicable diseases and climate change - are spreading.
Musa Emmanuel Umar, senior fellow at Nigeria's National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies, said Xi's vision presents a road map for the international community to deal with challenges the world is facing.
Xi has emphasized the importance of exchanges and mutual learning among different civilizations in building a community with a shared future by citing the ancient Chinese wisdom of "harmony without uniformity".
During Xi's visit to France in March, French President Emmanuel Macron presented him with an original copy in French of An Introduction to the Analects of Confucius, which was published in 1688, as a national gift. It testified to the long-standing cultural bonds between the two nations, which lay a solid foundation for people to deepen their relationships.
Boris Shmelev, director of the Russian Foreign Center at the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, said Xi's vision presents an opportunity to counter negative factors in international relations, particularly those arising from Washington's "America First" policy.
China emphasizes the importance of upholding international law, and Russia supports its foreign policy, Shmelev said.
翻譯:
中國助力世界構建人類命運共同體
——習近平外交思想開創中國特色大國外交新局面
編者按:習近平外交思想是新時代中國特色大國外交的根本遵循和行動指南。中國日報刊發系列報道，通過講述故事、評析理論，深度闡釋習近平外交思想的國際影響及其為促進世界和平和人類共同進步的世界意義。
去年6月，布蘭達？卡祖勒完成在北京大學南南合作與發展學院的碩士學位課程后返回贊比亞。在她回國時攜帶的沉重的行李箱里放著一本厚厚的書 ——《習近平談治國理政》。這位在贊比亞穆欽加省傳統事務部任職的官員說，這本書對她來講非常重要，因為她從中了解到中國發展背后的密碼以及中國共產黨是如何治理這個世界人口最多的國家，她要把這本書分享給同事。
《習近平談治國理政》一書收入了中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習近平的系列重要講話、演講及其它文獻，集中反映了習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想的發展脈絡和主要內容，生動講述了中國之治的偉大實踐，是幫助外國人更好地理解中國發展道路和中國對內對外政策的權威讀本。特別是黨的十八大以來，以習近平為核心的黨中央科學把握世界大勢，積極推進外交理論和實踐創新，開創了中國特色大國外交新局面。
布蘭達？卡祖勒說，這本書中讓她印象最深刻的是中國的精準扶貧政策以及習近平關于構建人類命運共同體的重要論述。她告訴記者，如果說脫貧攻堅是解決中國自身的發展問題，那么構建人類命運共同體的宏偉愿景則為實現世界共同發展繁榮描繪了藍圖。她說，因為人類共處地球村，世界各國命運與共。
"中國一直致力于推動以發展為中心的減貧經驗交流，與其它國家一道為實施聯合國2030可持續發展議程共同努力；中國還積極推動構建人類命運共同體，讓世界各國人民擺脫貧困，實現共同發展，" 布蘭達？卡祖勒說。
2017年1月，習近平訪問聯合國日內瓦總部時發表了題為《共同構建人類命運共同體》的主旨演講。他在演講中就如何構建人類命運共同體貢獻了中國智慧，號召國際社會共同努力，建設持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁榮、開放包容、清潔美麗的世界。構建人類命運共同體和構建相互尊重、公平正義、合作共贏的新型國際關系一起成為中國特色大國外交的總體目標。
中國社會科學院亞太與全球戰略研究院院長李向陽認為，現行的全球治理體系客觀上存在著民主赤字、治理赤字，習近平提出的構建人類命運共同體的重要理念為解決現行多邊機制中存在的問題提供了中國方案。他說，當前國際體系正受到單邊主義和保護主義的挑戰，迫切需要國際社會按照共商共建共享的原則來完善全球治理體系，構建人類命運共同體的理念對實現這一目標具有指引意義。
人類命運共同體理念強調要建立互商互諒、平等相待的伙伴關系，營造公平正義、共建共享的安全格局，謀求開放創新、包容互惠的發展前景，促進和而不同、兼收并蓄的文明交流，構筑尊崇自然、綠色發展的生態體系。"這五個方面形成了打造人類命運共同體的總布局和總路徑，描繪了國際關系發展的美好前景，成為中國特色大國外交理論創新的重大成果，"國務委員兼外交部長王毅在題為《攜手打造人類命運共同體》的文章中寫道。
自習近平于2013年提出構建人類命運共同體這一重要理念以來，中國一直致力于推動這一理念成為具體實踐。即使某些國家在國際關系中奉行"零和游戲"、"贏者通吃"的思維模式，中國仍然堅持合作共贏才是人間正道。
分析人士指出，當一些西方國家在豎起貿易壁壘的"墻"時，中國卻在修筑促進多邊主義和開放包容發展的"橋"。中國人民大學國際關系學院教授金燦榮認為，新型國際關系的主要特點是相互尊重、公平正義、合作共贏，與人類命運共同體倡導的各國要相互平等、相互尊重、互利合作一脈相承。
中國的"一帶一路"倡議已經成為構建人類命運共同體的重要平臺，也是完善全球治理、促進不同文明相互理解的新的路徑。截止7月末，136個國家和30個國際組織與中國簽訂了共建"一帶一路"合作文件。?
哥倫比亞自由黨總書記安赫爾？桑切斯認為，"一帶一路"倡議將參與國的發展戰略與中國的發展戰略相結合，實現高水平、高質量的合作，從而提高參與國人民生活水平。他說，這并不意味著要建立一個以中國為中心的獨立的集團；相反，是在尊重各國差異的同時尋求共同發展。
中國清楚地向世界表明，構建人類命運共同體是新時代促進世界和平與發展的中國方案。習近平多次指出，世界好中國才能好，中國好世界才更好。塞舌爾聯合塞舌爾黨黨鞭兼全國執委西蒙？吉爾認為，習近平的戰略思想代表了進步的力量。他說，中國不僅在關注自身發展，還通過互利共贏的合作方式為別的國家帶來實實在在的利益，塞舌爾也是與中國合作的受益者。
縱觀風云變幻的國際形勢，習近平多次指出，世界正經歷百年未有之大變局。世界多極化和經濟全球化深入發展，新一輪科技革命和產業革命正在孕育成長；同時，世界經濟增長乏力，發展鴻溝日益突出，兵戎相見時有發生，冷戰思維和強權政治陰魂不散，恐怖主義、難民危機、重大傳染性疾病、氣候變化等非傳統安全威脅持續蔓延。尼日利亞國家政策和戰略硏究所高級研究員穆薩？烏馬爾表示，習近平倡導的構建人類命運共同體的理念為國際社會應對當今世界面臨的共同挑戰制訂了路線圖。
習近平十分重視不同文明的交流互鑒對構建人類命運共同體的重要作用，其思想植根于"和而不同"的中國古老智慧。2019年3月習近平對法國進行國事訪問時，法國總統馬克龍向習近平贈送了一本1688年出版的首部《論語導讀》法文版原著作為國禮。這份國禮見證中法文化交流源遠流長，是兩國人民深情厚誼的重要體現。
俄羅斯科學院經濟所俄羅斯外交政策中心主任鮑里斯？舒梅列夫表示，習近平的構建人類命運共同體的理念為應對當前國際關系中的一些消極因素，特別是為應對美國政府"美國優先"政策所帶來的負面影響提供了契機。他說，中國重視維護國際法和國際秩序，俄羅斯支持中國的外交政策。
代表作2:
原文:
Xi calls for expansion of global partnerships
By CAO DESHENG
Belt and Road Initiative cited as prime tool for nation to help others develop
Editor's note: Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy is the fundamental guideline for China's diplomatic work in the new era. China Daily is publishing a series of stories to examine how Xi's proposals have become internationally accepted and made great contributions to world peace and human progress.
When Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte visited China recently — his fifth visit since taking office in 2016 — President Xi Jinping received him at the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing and referred to him as "my old friend".
Although differences over the South China Sea remain, the relationship between China and the Philippines has ticked upward in the past three years.
Duterte told Xi he stands ready to work with him to push forward the robust development of the China-Philippines comprehensive strategic partnership for mutual benefit and win-win results. The partnership was established in November last year when Xi made a state visit to the southeast Asian nation.
The Philippines is one example of the partnership diplomacy China uses to strengthen relationships with its neighbors. It is a friendly style that features amity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness.
With the spirit of partnership in mind, Xi has guided the nation to build friendly relations with various countries by expanding the convergence of interests with them, said Yang Jiechi, a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and director of the committee's Foreign Affairs Commission office, in a signed article in the most recent issue of the Qiushi Journal, the committee's flagship magazine.
Acting on Xi's Thought on Diplomacy, China has been expanding its all-around strategic posture in foreign relations and is striving to develop global partnerships, Yang said.
As of June, China had forged partnerships with 110 countries and regional organizations in various forms, including 60 comprehensive strategic partnerships, the Foreign Ministry said.
Besides neighborly relations and partnerships with developing countries, China also emphasizes connections with major countries.
As part of its effort to develop major-country relationships, China has been working to intensify its comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination with Russia; advance the China-US relationship based on coordination, cooperation and stability; and build the China-EU partnership for peace, growth, reform and civilization, Yang said.
It also strives to build a framework for major-country relations featuring overall stability and balanced development, he added.
In addition, China has made consistent efforts to support and develop strategic partnerships with Latin American and Middle Eastern countries, and continues to enhance unity and cooperation with emerging markets and developing countries to build up positive forces for peace and development.
Xi proposed the idea of developing global partnerships in November 2014 at the Central Conference on Work Relating to Foreign Affairs. At the meeting, he underlined the need for China to make more friends while abiding by the principle of nonalignment and to build a global network of partners.
The idea has been frequently mentioned by Xi on international occasions ever since. At the Group of 20 Summit in June in Osaka, Japan, Xi called on members to uphold the partnership spirit and resolve differences properly.
"Given the different development stages of G20 members, it is only natural that we may have diverging interests and views on some issues," Xi said. "The important thing is to always promote partnership and treat each other with respect and trust, and in that spirit engage in consultation as equals, manage differences while seeking common ground and build greater consensus."
Zhou Fangyin, a China foreign policy researcher at the Guangdong Institute for International Strategies, said developing global partnerships is China's peaceful approach to the pursuit of development in the existing international system.
Different from alignment, which some countries seek as way of boosting alliances and security, Zhou said, China's partnership diplomacy pursues all-around cooperation in such areas as economy, politics, diplomacy and security.
Partnership is crucially significant for addressing the common challenges facing the world, given the rise of unilateralism and protectionism, he said.
To build a global network of partners, China proposed a new type of international relations underpinned by mutual respect, fairness, justice and win-win cooperation. It put forward and followed a policy of upholding justice and pursuing shared interests and championed a new vision featuring common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, he said.
Wang Lian, a professor at the School of International Studies at Peking University, said China is firm in its resolve that all countries, regardless of their size, strength or level of development, are equal members of the international community, and it supports the multilateral system, which has the United Nations at the core.
This position reflects the universal consensus of most countries in the world, and conforms to the common interests of the international community, Wang said.
He said China has made consistent efforts to improve the global partnership network with a view toward working with other countries to strive for shared, sustainable, win-win development through joint contributions, which in turn will lead to development opportunities for all.
China's emphasis
Developing countries have long been China's stated priority in promoting global partnerships. In a speech at the 73rd Session of the United Nations General Assembly in September last year, State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi said strengthening cooperation and solidarity with developing countries has been, and will continue to be, a firm strategic priority in China's diplomacy.
"No matter how strong China has become, and no matter how the international landscape may change, this strategic priority will remain unchanged," Wang said.
Through multilateral platforms such as the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, BRICS, the Forum of China and Community of Latin American and Caribbean States and China-Arab States Cooperation Forum, China has been endeavoring to develop closer partnerships with developing countries.
At the FOCAC Beijing Summit in 2018, Xi announced the eight major initiatives for partnerships with African countries, which focused on industrial promotion, trade facilitation and infrastructure connectivity.
Desta Tesfaw, an Ethiopian student who completed his doctoral program at Peking University's Institute of South-South Cooperation and Development, said that in the current highly globalized world, China's current and future development has direct and indirect effects on the progress of other developing countries.
In September 2015, Xi announced that China would set up the South-South institute during the High-Level Roundtable on South-South Cooperation to share the experience of China and other developing countries and to advance and ultimately realize the goal of sustainable development by 2030.
"We appreciate China's exemplary and elder brother's role in South-South cooperation and development, which is guided by the principles of mutual benefit, solidarity and equality," Tesfaw said.
Abdullah Ahmed Al Saleh, undersecretary for Foreign Trade and Industry of the Ministry of Economy of the United Arab Emirates, attended the fourth China-Arab States Expo, which was held last week in Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui autonomous region.
He told Xinhua during the expo that there is huge potential for China and Arab states to cooperate in science and technology, with the rapid development of state-of-the-art technologies such as 5G, AI, blockchain and the internet of things.
"This is in line with the interests of both sides," he said. "It helps open up new markets for Chinese commodities and also contributes to the implementation of Arab states' own development plans."
China-Arab economic and trade cooperation has gained steam in recent years. Last year, bilateral trade volume reached $244.3 billion, jumping 28 percent year-on-year, according to the Ministry of Commerce.
The Belt and Road Initiative has been a platform for China to build global partnerships, as it has been well-accepted by many countries since it was proposed by Xi in 2013. As of July, 136 countries and 30 international organizations had signed cooperation agreements with China on Belt and Road projects.
Khikmatullo Kudratov, a scholar from Tajikistan, said the BRI can be a major breakthrough for the developing countries to become closer to the world market and increase their trade volume.
China has assured the world that it will continue to expand global partnerships through the BRI.
Xi told participants at the second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation: "Either in good times or bad, either on a smooth road or a thorny path, we will uphold the spirit of partnership. ... For we all believe that our people deserve a better world, and Belt and Road cooperation will make the world a better place."
翻譯:
習近平打造全球伙伴關系網
——"一帶一路"倡議已經成為深化國際合作的重要實踐平臺
編者按:習近平外交思想是新時代中國特色大國外交的根本遵循和行動指南。中國日報刊發系列報道，通過講述故事、評析理論，深度闡釋習近平外交思想的國際影響及其為促進世界和平和人類共同進步的世界意義。
菲律賓總統杜特爾特近日對中國進行訪問，這是他2016年就任總統后第五次訪華之旅。抵達北京后，杜特爾特受到國家主席習近平熱情款待，兩國領導人在北京釣魚臺國賓館會談時，習近平親切地稱杜特爾特為"我的老朋友"。
中菲盡管在南海問題上有分歧，兩國關系在杜特爾特就任總統后的三年多時間里重回正軌并穩步提升。在會談中，杜特爾特說，他愿與習近平經常見面，加強溝通，共同推動兩國全面戰略合作關系持續強勁發展，實現互利共贏。去年11月習近平對菲律賓進行國事訪問時，兩國關系定位提升至全面戰略合作關系。
中菲全面戰略合作關系是中國打造伙伴關系網、深化周邊外交的一個典范。中國堅持以深化外交布局為依托打造全球伙伴關系，按照親誠惠容理念和與鄰為善、以鄰為伴的周邊外交方針加強同周邊國家睦鄰友好關系。
中共中央政治局委員、中央外事辦公室主任楊潔篪在2019年第17期《求是》雜志撰文表示，習近平著眼各國相互依存日益加深的大趨勢，帶領中國協調推進與不同類型國家關系全面發展，擴大中國同各方利益交匯點，完善國家對外戰略布局。文章指出，在習近平外交思想的指引下，中國深化拓展對外戰略全方位布局，打造全球伙伴關系網絡。據外交部消息，截止6月，中國已與世界上110個國家和地區組織建立了不同形式的伙伴關系，其中全面戰略伙伴關系達60對。
在深化睦鄰友好關系和與發展中國家的伙伴關系的同時，中國著也力運籌大國關系，形成全方位、多層次、立體化的全球伙伴關系網絡，打造遍及全球的"朋友圈"。楊潔篪表示，在推動發展大國關系方面，中國深入發展中俄新時代全面戰略協作伙伴關系，堅定主張推進以協調、合作、穩定為基調的中美關系，積極打造中歐和平、增長、改革、文明四大伙伴關系，推動構建總體穩定、均衡發展的大國關系框架。此外，中國還大力支持和發展中拉、中阿戰略合作，不斷增進同新興市場國家和發展中國家的團結合作，鞏固壯大和平發展的積極力量。
2014年11月，習近平在中央外事工作會議上提出，要在堅持不結盟原則的前提下廣交朋友，形成遍布全球的伙伴關系網絡。此后，他在公開場合多次提及"全球伙伴關系"這一關鍵詞。在6月份舉行的二十國集團領導人大阪峰會上，習近平號召二十國集團成員要堅持伙伴精神，妥善處理分歧。他說:"二十國集團成員處在不同發展階段， 在一些問題上存在利益差異和觀點分歧很正常，關鍵是要本著相互尊重、相互信任態度，平等協商、求同存異、管控分歧、擴大共識。"
廣東國際戰略研究院資深研究員周方銀認為，打造全球伙伴關系網絡是中國以和平的方式在國際體系中崛起的一種路徑探索。他說，與側重安全合作的聯盟外交不同，中國倡導的伙伴關系可以是安全合作，也可以是經濟、政治、外交等方面的合作； 在單邊主義、保護主義抬頭的背景下，構建伙伴關系對于應對全球面臨的共同挑戰具有重要意義。周方銀表示，中國提出推動建設相互尊重、公平正義、合作共贏的新型國際關系，在對外交往中維護公平正義、追求互利共贏，倡導共同、綜合、合作、可持續的安全觀，這些都成為中國構建全球伙伴關系網絡的理論和實踐支撐。
北京大學國際關系學院教授王聯認為，中國堅持國家不分大小、強弱、貧富一律平等，支持以聯合國為代表的多邊機制，這反映了世界上大多數國家的普遍期待，符合國際社會的共同利益。他說，中國不斷完善全球伙伴關系網絡，希望與世界各國一道實現共建、共有、共享、共贏的可持續發展，必將為國際社會帶來前所未有的發展機遇。
發展中國家是中國構建全球伙伴關系的中堅力量。國務委員兼外交部長王毅在去年9月舉行的第73屆聯合國大會上發表演講時表示，無論過去、現在和將來，加強與廣大發展中國家的團結合作，始終是中國外交堅定不移的戰略選擇。"這是由中國的國家定位、制度屬性和價值取向所決定的，不會因為中國自身的發展發生任何改變，也不會因為國際風云的變幻出現絲毫動搖。"
中國一直致力于通過中非合作論壇、金磚國家合作機制、中國-拉共體論壇、中阿合作論壇等多邊平臺加強與發展中國家的伙伴關系。在2018年中非合作論壇北京峰會上，習近平宣布中非合作"八大行動"，重點加強與非洲國家在包括產業促進、設施聯通以及貿易便利等方面的合作。
北京大學南南合作與發展學院的埃塞俄比亞籍博士畢業生戴斯塔？特斯福認為，在一個高度全球化的世界里，中國的發展不管是現在還是未來都會給其它發展中國家帶來直接或間接的影響。南南合作與發展學院是習近平2015年9月在紐約聯合國總部出席并主持南南合作圓桌會時宣布設立的，旨在與發展中國家分享經驗，推動實現聯合國2030年可持續發展目標。戴斯塔？特斯福說:"我們很感激中國在促進以互利、團結、平等為原則的南南合作中所發揮的示范和引領作用。"
阿聯酋經濟部副部長阿卜杜拉·薩利赫于上周參加了在銀川舉行的第四屆中國-阿拉伯國家博覽會。薩利赫在接受記者采訪時表示，隨著5G、人工智能、區塊鏈、物聯網等技術的飛速發展，中國和阿拉伯國家科技合作具有巨大潛力。"中阿合作是互利的，一方面有助于為中國產品開拓市場；另一方面，也可以幫助阿拉伯國家實施自己的發展計劃。"商務部數據顯示，近年來，中阿經貿合作保持著良好勢頭；2018年，中阿雙邊貿易額達2443億美元，同比增長28%。
"一帶一路"倡議已經成為中國打造全球伙伴關系網絡的實踐平臺，受到許多國家的好評。截止7月份，136個國家和30個國際組織與中國簽訂了共建"一帶一路"合作文件。塔吉克斯坦學者庫多拉托夫認為，"一帶一路"倡議為發展中國家與世界市場建立更緊密的關系，從而提升貿易水平提供了可能。
中國向世界表明，將繼續通過共建"一帶一路"開拓全球伙伴關系。習近平在第二屆"一帶一路"國際合作高峰論壇上發表主旨演講時指出，"無論是順境還是逆境，無論前方是坦途還是荊棘，我們都要弘揚伙伴精神，不忘合作初心，堅定不移前進。我們都應該抱有這樣一個信念:各國人民都應該擁有一個更加美好的未來，共建‘一帶一路’一定會迎來一個更加美好的世界。"
代表作3:
原文:
Nation riding tide of changes in world order
By CAO DESHENG
China expected to play bigger role in global governance, multilateral system
Editor’s note: Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy is the fundamental guideline for China’s diplomatic work in the new era. China Daily is publishing a series of stories to examine how Xi’s proposals have become internationally accepted and made great contributions to world peace and human progress.
The world is facing challenges arising from the weakening role of international law and global governance. The United Nations is now "at a hard time" as its functions are being crippled. China can play a bigger part in strengthening the role of the international body.
These are key points Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev made in a speech at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in Beijing when he paid his first state visit to China last month.
Tokayev voiced his concerns over the current international situation, which, as was described by President Xi Jinping on many occasions, is undergoing profound and complex changes not seen in a century.
Xi said at the Central Conference on Work Relating to Foreign Affairs in June last year that the world is undergoing the most profound and unprecedented changes in a century.
One month later, Xi told business leaders at the BRICS Business Forum held in Johannesburg, South Africa, that the next decade will see faster changes in the international landscape and the international alignment of forces as well as a profound reshaping of the global governance system.
This is because a new round of revolution and transformation in science, technology and industries featuring artificial intelligence, big data, quantum information and biotechnology is gaining momentum, and the collective rise of emerging markets and developing countries will make global development more balanced and global peace more firmly based, Xi said at the forum.
However, he warned that, as unilateralism and protectionism are mounting, the international community has reached a new crossroads as "we are facing a choice between cooperation and confrontation, between opening-up and a closed-door policy and between mutual benefit and a beggar-thy-neighbor approach".
Xi's judgment about today's world reveals how China would respond to and guide the changes in the world pattern, said Yang Jiechi, a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, in a signed article in Qiushi, the flagship journal of the CPC Central Committee.
Yang, also director of the Office of the Foreign Affairs Commission of the CPC Central Committee, said in the article that China has been actively offering its wisdom and solutions to guide the reform of the global governance system amid ongoing changes.
With promoting world peace and international cooperation in mind, Xi has been endeavoring to use multilateral platforms — such as the Group of 20 Summit, APEC Leaders' Informal Meeting, the United Nations General Assembly and the World Economic Forum — to advocate China's propositions on improving global governance.
The most important vision he proposed is building a community with a shared future for mankind, which is being increasingly accepted worldwide. In February 2017, the phrase was for the first time incorporated into a UN resolution by the 55th UN Commission for Social Development.
It has also been adopted by the UN Security Council, the Human Rights Council and the First Committee of the UN General Assembly, thus turning the Chinese concept into an international consensus.
Xi made it clear on various occasions that China follows the principle of achieving shared growth through discussion and collaboration in engaging in global governance, stands for democracy in international relations, maintains that all countries — big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor — are equal, and supports developing countries having broader representation and a bigger say in international affairs.
"We are deeply involved in international cooperation on climate change, antiterrorism and upholding cybersecurity, (we) earnestly fulfill relevant international obligations and responsibilities and have made tremendous contributions to dealing with common global challenges," Yang said.
In a recent interview with Xinhua News Agency, Portuguese Communist Party General Secretary Jeronimo de Sousa spoke highly of China's defense of the UN and international law.
As some Western powers ignore and disregard the norms of international law, he stressed the importance of "action to affirm and respect the principles enshrined in the UN Charter, negotiated resolutions of international conflicts and the defense of world peace.
He said that while seeking its own development, China is actively promoting international trade and economic cooperation to develop equitable and mutually beneficial relations between the countries around the world.
During his state visit to France in March, Xi proposed the vision of global governance featuring extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits at a global governance forum attended by leaders including French President Emmanuel Macron, German Chancellor Angela Merkel and European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker.
He called for addressing the governance deficit on the principle that global affairs should be settled by the peoples of various countries through consultations, highlighting the importance of advancing the democratization of the global governance system.
Xi's propositions of the new development philosophy call for innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared economic growth. They also call for common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security as part of his contributions to the theories of global governance, said Vice-Foreign Minister Le Yucheng in a recent interview with The Paper.
Actions speak louder than words when China participates in global governance, Le said, adding that China is the second-largest financial contributor to UN peacekeeping missions and is also the largest troop contributor among the five permanent members of the UN Security Council.
Belt and Road Initiative
In recent years, China intensified its concrete efforts to participate in global governance by initiating platforms for international cooperation such as the Belt and Road Initiative, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the Silk Road Fund.
By the end of August, 136 countries and 36 international organizations had signed cooperation documents with China on jointly building the Belt and Road. Since it started operations in January 2016, the AIIB has now grown to 100 approved members worldwide.
He Yafei, former vice-foreign minister and now a senior researcher at Renmin University of China's Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies, said in an article published in the Global Times that the BRI is an important part of the solutions China contributes to the world in dealing with the changing international landscape and innovating global governance.
High-quality construction of the Belt and Road will help boost new development of globalization with free trade being its foundation while strengthening the development of infrastructure facilities in developing countries, He said.
Though suffering difficulties and setbacks in recent years, the global governance process led by the UN is still ongoing. However, the voices of reform in the UN and other mechanisms of the global governance system such as the World Trade Organization are on the rise.
Pang Zhongying, an international relations professor at Ocean University of China's Institute of Marine Development, said the pullback of the United States from international organizations and treaties has weakened and even damaged the existing global governance system. However, countries including China and other emerging markets are striving to improve and consolidate the system.
The country remains committed to upholding the postwar global governance system. In the meantime, it supports necessary reforms of some mechanisms such as the WTO, Pang said.
翻譯:
國際形勢風云激蕩 中國外交乘風破浪
——國際社會期待中國在全球治理和多邊體系中發揮更大作用
編者按:習近平外交思想是新時代中國特色大國外交的根本遵循和行動指南。中國日報刊發系列報道，通過講述故事、評析理論，深度闡釋習近平外交思想的國際影響及其為促進世界和平和人類共同進步的世界意義。
哈薩克斯坦總統托卡耶夫于上個月對中國進行了首次國事訪問，其中一個重要的行程是在中國社會科學院發表演講。除了高度評價中哈關系，他在演講中對國際局勢發表了自己的見解。
托卡耶夫對當前國際形勢深表擔憂，認為世界正在經歷前所未有的復雜深刻的變化。他指出，當今世界面臨重重挑戰，國際法和全球治理的作用被弱化，聯合國正面臨"艱難時刻"，"中國能夠在增強這一國際組織的作用上扮演更加重要的角色"。
托卡耶夫的擔憂與中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習近平對當前國際形勢的分析不謀而合。在去年6月召開的中央外事工作會議上，習近平強調指出，世界正經歷百年未有之大變局。一個月之后，在出席南非約翰內斯堡舉行的金磚國家工商論壇時，習近平向金磚國家工商界領袖發表演講指出，未來10年，將是國際格局和力量對比加速演變的10年，將是全球治理體系深刻重塑的10年。他說，人工智能、大數據、量子信息、生物技術等新一輪科技革命和產業變革正在積聚力量，催生大量新產業、新業態、新模式；新興市場國家和發展中國家群體性崛起勢不可當，將使全球發展的版圖更加全面均衡，使世界和平的基礎更為堅實穩固。"然而，單邊主義、保護主義愈演愈烈，多邊主義和多邊貿易體制受到嚴重沖擊。要合作還是要對立，要開放還是要封閉，要互利共贏還是要以鄰為壑，國際社會再次來到何去何從的十字路口。"
"習近平總書記的重要論斷，深刻揭示了什么是世界百年未有之大變局以及如何塑造和引領這場大變局，"中共中央政治局委員、中央外事辦公室主任楊潔篪在2019年第17期《求是》雜志發表的署名文章中寫道。文章指出，中國"積極提供中國智慧和中國方案，深入引領全球治理體系變革"。
習近平本著"以天下為己任"的情懷和擔當，在亞太經合組織領導人非正式會議、聯合國大會、二十國集團領導人峰會、達沃斯世界經濟論壇年會等多邊場合發表重要講話，提出一系列攸關人類發展和世界前途命運的重大倡議和主張，為世界發展與國際合作把脈引航。其中，構建人類命運共同體的重要理念更是受到國際社會的高度評價和熱烈響應，產生了廣泛而深遠的國際影響。2017年2月，聯合國社會發展委員會第55屆會議一致通過"非洲發展新伙伴關系的社會層面"決議，"構建人類命運共同體"理念首次被寫入聯合國決議中。 這一理念后來還被寫入聯合國人權理事會決議和聯合國大會的安全決議中。從理念到共識，彰顯了中國方案對全球治理的巨大貢獻。
習近平多次強調，中國秉持共商共建共享的全球治理觀, 堅持國家不分大小、強弱、貧富一律平等, 支持擴大發展中國家在國際事務中的代表性和發言權。"我們深入參與應對氣候變化、反恐、維護網絡安全等領域國際合作，認真履行相關國際責任和義務，為應對全球共同挑戰作出了巨大貢獻，"楊潔篪在《求是》雜志發表的署名文章中寫道。
葡萄牙共產黨總書記熱羅尼莫？德索薩近日接受新華社采訪時高度評價中國在維護國際法和加強聯合國的作用所做的努力。他說，在一些西方大國蔑視甚至踐踏國際法原則的背景下，以實際行動尊重聯合國憲章的宗旨和原則、通過磋商解決國際爭端、維護世界和平變得尤為重要。"中國在尋求自己發展的同時，還積極促進國際經貿合作，與世界其它國家發展平等互利的關系。"
習近平在今年3月份對法國進行國事訪問期間，與法國總統馬克龍、德國總理默克爾和歐盟委員會主席容克一道出席了中法全球治理論壇閉幕式并發表重要講話。他在講話中指出，要堅持共商共建共享的全球治理觀；堅持公正合理，破解治理赤字；堅持全球事務由各國人民商量著辦，積極推進全球治理規則民主化。
外交部副部長樂玉成向媒體表示，習近平提出的"創新、協調、綠色、開放、共享"的新發展觀以及"共同、綜合、合作、可持續"的新安全觀、正確義利觀等都是對全球治理的重大理論貢獻。他說，"中國參與全球治理，不是說出來的，而是干出來的。中國已經是聯合國第二大會費國和維和攤款國，中國也是安理會常任理事國中派出維和人員最多的國家。"
近年來，中國積極參與全球治理，通過"一帶一路"倡議、亞洲基礎設施投資銀行、絲路基金等平臺加強國際合作。截止8月底，136個國家和36個國際組織同中國簽訂了共建"一帶一路"合作文件。自2016年1月正式運營以來，亞洲基礎設施投資銀行會員國已經超過100個。
外交部前副部長、中國人民大學重陽金融研究院高級研究員何亞非撰文指出，面對嚴峻的全球挑戰，"一帶一路"倡議是中國提出的積極應對大變局大變化、創新全球治理體系的"中國方案"中的重要組成部分。"高質量建設‘一帶一路’將在補好發展中國家基礎設施不足短板的同時，有效推動區域和世界以自由貿易為根本的全球化新發展。"
近年來，聯合國主導的主要全球治理進程盡管遭遇挫折，仍在困難中繼續前行。關于對聯合國和世界貿易組織等全球治理體系機制的改革和完善的呼聲也在高漲。中國海洋大學海洋發展研究院院長龐中英認為，美國近年來的"退群"舉動弱化乃至破壞了現有全球治理體系的作用。他說，中國和新興市場國家仍然致力于在為完善和鞏固現有國際體系而努力；同時，中國也主張對世貿組織進行必要的改革。
